Payment leaders are asked to increase approval rates and reduce fraud without sacrificing margin, yet blended cost metrics often hide where profit is won or lost. In this session, Mirte Kraaijkamp (Pagos), David Beck (Instacart), and Chris Sanger (SeatGeek) show how per-transaction cost analysis drives smarter routing, retries, and 3DS decisions, proves ROI on tokens and wallets, reveals hidden margin, and enables more confident global cost and pricing optimization.